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HUMORAL IMMUNITY INDICES IN HANDICAPPED CHILDREN WITH PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL PATHOLOGY, BORN AT TERM

Alieva Kh.M. Republic Center of Psychoneurological Health of Children and Adolescents, Dagestan Ministry of Health, Makhachkala, Russia.

The interaction of neural and immune systems - their interregulation - is responsible for the risk of dysfunction of any of them in situations when another system is damaged. This study was directed on the determination of the peculiarities of immunonological status in neurologically handicapped children

Subjects and Method: We studied 3322 handicapped children born at term up to 10 years of age; 25,4% of them had cerebral palsy (CP), 12,3% had hyperkinetic syndrome (HS) with and 12,8% - without mentall deficiency, 24,9% had epilepsy and 24,6% -oligophrenia. All of them had severe perinatal hypoxic pathology of CNS. In 2941 infants (group 1) physical development at birth was normal, 381 infants (group 2) had intrautine growth retardation. All mothers suffered from anemia (Hb< 80 g/l) during the pregnancy. Children with infection deseases as well as children whose mothers had chronic or acute infections or vaccinations during pregnancy were not included.The control group consisted of 124 normal children without any ante- and/or intranatal pathology. Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM and IgG were measured at the age of 1, 2-3, 5-6, 8-9 months and 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3-4, 6-7, 9-10 years

Results: The following peculiarities of the immunological status were found in handicapped children:

IgA concentrations were lower in groups 1 & 2 than in control at all ages studied being correleted with the severity of neurological defect and with the intensity and duration of antenatal hypoxia; the minimal IgA level was found in chilgren with severe seizures and HS.

In group 1 IgM concentrations were lower than in control during the first 2.5 years of life and significantly higher at older ages. As compared with the controls the children of group 2 had higher IgM level at the age of 5-6 months, lower level at the age of 8-9 months as well as after the 3d year of life; IgM level in group 2 did not differ from the control at the age of 1-3 years. The highest IgM level was found in cases of severe epilepsy, CP and oligophrenia with seizures.

IgG level was decreased in both groups of handicapped infants at the age of 1-5 years; it was increased in group 1 at the age of 1-9 months and in group 2 at the age of 1-6 months.

The handicapped children with significant and prolonged decrease of IgA, IgM & IgG levels had unfavourable prognosis. On the contrary, the increase of Igs level was associated with the tendency to the improvement of psychoneurological state.